DC Microgrids: A Propitious Smart Grid Paradigm for Smart Cities

Recent years have seen a surge in interest DC microgrids as loads and sources like solar photovoltaic systems, fuel cells, batteries, other options become more mainstream. As distributed energy resources (DERs) are integrated into an existing smart grid, networks come to the forefront of industry. systems completely sidestep need for synchronization, reactive power control, frequency control. dependable productive than ever before because AC prone all these issues. There is lot unrealized potential power, but it also faces some significant challenges. Protecting system difficult there no discrete location where current disappears. microgrid stability that dependent on inertia must be considered during planning stage. The problems include insufficient quality poor communication. quality, inertia, communication, economic operations value streams, well their underlying architectures protection schemes, extensively discussed this paper. This review paper examines pros cons both grid-connected isolated microgrids. In addition, compares different kinds terms distribution management agency, such prerequisites microgrid’s planning, operation, control met state-of-the-art can implemented.